Fundamentals of Transport Phenomena
Description
Introduction and basic concepts, Dimensions and units of measurement, General overview of transport phenomena including various applications, Types of fluid flow and Reynolds number, The concept of viscosity & kinematic viscosity and viscosity calculations of fluids, Newton’s law, Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, Applications of differential equations of flow, Laminar Flow & Momentum Balance, Equation of continuity and the momentum equation, Application of Navier-Stokes’ equation, Turbulent and complex flows, Heat transfer mechanisms, Fourier’s law of heat conduction, Thermal conductivity of materials, Conduction of heat in solids, Definition of fluxes-Fick’s laws, Diffusion in different media (solids, ceramics materials, liquids, etc.)
Objectives
The objective of this engineering course is to provide to the student a sufficient background to be able to understand the fundamental phenomena, governing equations and assumptions used in the analysis of transport processes. We address aspects of three fundamental transport processes, momentum, heat and mass. After completing the class, students will be able to develop a background in the transports phenomena which are significant to be successful in many theoretical and practical problems in the fields of the laboratory practices, pilot plants or industrial operations implementations.
References
- Transport Phenomena in Materials Processing, D.R. Poirier, G.H. Geiger, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 2016.
- Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics, B.R. Munson, T.H. Okiishi, W.W. Huebsch, A.P. Rothmayer, 7th Ed., Wiley & Sons, 2012.
- Transport and Chemical Rate Phenomena, Themelis N.J., Gordon & Breach, 1995.
- Transport Phenomena, Bird R.B., Stewart W.E., and Lightfoot E.N., Wiley, 1960.
- Rate Phenomena in Process Metallurgy, Szekely J. and Themelis N.J., Wiley-Interscience, 1971.
- Transport Phenomena in Metallurgy, Geiger G.H. and Poirier D.R., Addison-Wesley, 1973.
- Transport Processes: Momentum, Heat, and Mass, Geankoplis C.J., Allyn & Bacon, Inc., 1983.
Suggested readings
- The International System of Units (SI)
- Laminar turbulent flows, Reynolds number, friction
Some useful links
- Flow from tanks of various shapes
- Pipe Flow Calculations
- Equation of Continuity (Bernoulli equation)
- Hyper Physics – Viscosity & …
- Laminar Flow & Viscosity (Rice Univ. Open Stax)
- National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning
- Introduction to Transport Phenomena – College of Engineering, Colorado State University (pdf)
Professor John Biddle’s complete lecture series (at Cal Poly Pomona)
- Lecture 1 – Fundamental Concepts, Fluid Properties
- SI units (at 10:15)
- Viscosity (at 15:20)
- Newtonian Fluids (at 23:00)
- Pressure (at 30:00)
- Solution of Problem 1.77 (at 42:40) (p.35 in the book)
- Hints on “how to solve a problem” – an Engineer’s approach (at 50:00)
- Lecture 2 – Pascal’s Law, Hydrostatic Pressure Variations, Manometry
- Unit conversions (at 32:00)
- Pressure Measurement by Piezometry (at 36:20)
- Example on Pressure Measurement by Manometry (at 48:50)
- Lecture 3 – Forces on Submerged Surfaces (Part I)
- Grading Homework ! (at 58:15) –and exam papers for that matter
- Solution of Problem 1.48 (at 1:05:15) (p.33 in the book)
- Lecture 4 – Forces on Submerged Surfaces (Part II)
- Lecture 5 – Buoyancy & the Bernoulli Equation
- Buoyancy Example (at 8:45) -Log floating on water
- Bernoulli Equation (at 14:35) -graphical explanation
- Bernoulli Equation (at 37:00) -explaining the terms
- Solution of Problem 3.37 (at 53:30) (p.144 in the book)
- Lecture 6 – Bernoulli Equation Examples
- Solution of Problem 3.24 (at 2:00) (p.143 in the book)
- Solution of Problem 3.61 (at 23:50) (p.147 in the book)
- Solution of Problem 3.81 (at 53:15) (p.149 in the book)
- Lecture 7 – Fluid Statics Examples
- Lecture 8 – Fluid Kinematics
- Lecture 9 – Reynolds Transport Theorem, Conservation of Mass, Kinematics
- Definition of CV (Control volume) and CS (Control Surface)
- Solution of Problem 4.70 (at 33:30) (p.197 in the book)
- Conservation of mass (at 46:45)
- Lecture 10 – Continuity Equation, Bernoulli Equation, & Kinematics Examples
- Solution of Problem 3.6 (at 9:10) (p.142 in the book)
- Solution of Problem 3.12 (at 16:25) (p.142 in the book)
- Solution of Problem 3.46 (at 25:15) (p.145 in the book)
- Problem 3.36 (at 43:45) (p.144 in the book) -just a sketch
- Continuity Equation (at 50:25)
- Example (at 58:20)
- Example (at 1:06:30)
- Lecture 11 – Linear Momentum Equation and Bernoulli Equation Examples
- Example (at 7:35) – Continuity
- Solution of Problem 3.50 (at 40:40)
- Lecture 12 – Linear Momentum Equation Examples
- Lecture 13 – Energy Equation and Kinematics Examples
- Solution of Problem 5.103 (at 43:10)
- Lecture 14 – Energy Equation Examples, Differential Continuity Equation
- Solution of Problem 5.112 (at 4:10)
- Solution of Problem 5.123 (at 13:40)
- Energy Equation (at 25:05)
- Lecture 15 – Navier-Stokes Equations, Conservation of Energy Examples
- General differential equations of motion (at 7:40)
- Equler’s equation of motion (at 11:00)
- Navier-Stokes Eequation (at 19:30)
- Solution of Problem 5.102 (at 33:00)
- Solution of Problem 5.105 (at 38:35)
- Solution of Problem 5.114 (at 47:15)
- Solution of Problem 5.116 (at 52:00)
- Solution of Problem 5.120 (at 55:45)
- Solution of Problem 5.131 (at 1:00:10)
- Lecture 16 – Viscous Flow in Pipes, Laminar Pipe Flow Characteristics
- Viscous flow in pipes (Reynolds number)
- Non-circuclar ducts (at 9:00)
- Laminar flow (at 12:00)
- Entrance region (at 17:50)
- Fluid element in pipe (at 40:15)
- Lecture 17 – Laminar & Turbulent Pipe Flow, The Moody Diagram
- Friction factor (at 5:40)
- Energy equation (at 8:45)
- Turbulent flow – Moody diagram (at 23:15)
- Regions of Moody diagram (at 33:15)
- Lecture 18 – Minor Losses in Pipe Flow
- Examples (at 2:45)
- Minor Losses – Energy Equation (at 28:00)
- Solution of Problem (at 38:45)
Viscosity concept, Newtonian & non-Newtonian Fluids
Drag Coefficient and Terminal Velocity of a solid particle
Bernoulli equation
Using a Moody Chart
Calculating the power of a pump
Emptying of a Tank
Heat Transfer (Conduction)
Composite Wall with Series/Parallel Configuration
Fundamentals of Convection heat transfer
Heat Transfer (Transient – Biot number)